光滑鳖甲抗冻蛋白基因(AP-AFP060116)表达规律的研究

研究以克隆的光滑鳖甲抗冻蛋白基因(AP-AFP060116,Apafp)为目的基因,采用半定量RT-PCR技术,首次探讨了该基因在不同低温处理下的表达规律.半定量RT-PCR实验结果表明光滑鳖甲成虫经历长时间冷驯化后,体内Apafp基因的表达水平增高.计算半定量RT-PCR产物电泳图像的灰度值,结果显示在低温处理的第5 d,昆虫体内Apafp基因的表达水平与对照组相比差异显著(P＜0.05).快速冷驯化实验结果显示,处理组与对照组昆虫体内Apafp基因的表达水平没有明显的差异.同时使用Southern blot技术证明光滑鳖甲抗冻蛋白基因家族的存在.     

黄淮南片小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基组成及其与品质的关系

为了解小麦高分子量谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成与品质之间的关系,对177份黄淮南片地区小麦品种(系)的HMW-GS组成及其品质进行了检测。结果表明,177份材料在Glu-A1位点上有3种亚基类型(N、1、2*),在Glu-B1位点上有5种亚基类型(7+8、7+9、14+15、17+18、13+16),在Glu-D1位点上有3种亚基类型(2+12、5+10、5+12),1、14+15、5+10亚基的出现频率分别为73.45%、11.86%和48.02%。1、7+8、17+18、5+10亚基对蛋白质含量、湿面筋含量、峰值曲线面积、峰高、SDS沉淀值、8min带高、8min曲线面积、形成时间、稳定时间都具有较大的正向效应。共检测到19种不同的亚基组合类型,其中1/7+8/5+10亚基组合的小麦品种(系)各项品质指标均较优,其次是1/7+8/2+12亚基组合品种(系),N/7+9/2+12和N/14+15/5+10亚基组合类型小麦的品质较差。     

2015年冬季南黄海水文特征及海-气CO2通量分析

基于2015年冬季在南黄海海域现场观测获得的CTD和CO2等数据,分析了该海域海-气CO2通量,探讨了该海域冬季温、盐度和表层CO2分压(pCO2)等要素的分布特征及其影响因素.结果表明:冬季南黄海西侧海域受黄海沿岸流的影响,呈现低温、低盐的特征,南黄海中部受黄海暖流影响,呈高温高盐特征;南黄海靠近沿岸海域水体垂直混合强烈,温盐垂直分布较为均匀.南黄海海域表层pCO2平均值为(385.34±43.62) μatm.表层pCO2分布具有明显的区域差异,海区中部pCO2整体上大于近岸,因受长江冲淡水与黄海沿岸流的水平及垂直混合作用,长江口北部局部区域最高通量达27.81 mmol/(m2·d),但总体表现为大气碳汇,平均通量达(-2.47 ±3.91)mmol/(m2·d);山东半岛东南部海域较高的pCO2受控于温度,同时与黄海沿岸流带来的高碳酸盐等水体的混合有关,表现为大气碳源,平均通量为(0.11 ±0.80)mmol/(m2·d).整个调查海域平均通量为(-2.24 ±3.74)mmol/(m2·d),表现为大气CO2的碳汇.     

皖南文化资源特征及其文化产业人才能力要素

皖南有丰富的文化资源,是安徽文化产业发展的重镇。发展皖南文化产业的关键是培养符合产业发展需求的专门人才,皖南文化资源是文化产业人才培养的坚实基础,文化产业人才能力要素是人才培养的现实目标。皖南文化产业人才培养需把握皖南良好的文化生态、多元化的文化形态以及人本化的价值追求等文化特征,还需重点培养文化生态的把握能力、基本的文化创意能力、文化需求的预测能力、必要的技术能力、现代的经营管理能力等要素。     

Response to Hydrothermal Change of Tree Radial Growth since 1990s in the Southern Taihang Mountains in Hebei Province

On the basis of the relationship between tree ring width of Pinus tabulaeformis in the southern Taihang Mountains in Hebei Province and climate factors, such as mean temperature, mean maximum temperature, mean minimum temperature and precipitation, we find that tree-ring width correlates positively and significantly with mean and maximum temperature in March and Spring, and with minimum temperature in March, April, Spring and Autumn. The sampling tree radial growth responds sensitively to spring temperature change.     

用分类法预测陕南晚熟水稻纹枯病

[目的]用分类法预测陕南晚熟水稻纹枯病,为水稻纹枯病的预测防治提供方法依据。[方法]用分类法量化地分析了2000～2007年陕南晚熟水稻D10后期水稻纹枯病发生程度与孕穗期、抽穗期气温、降雨量的关系。[结果]收获前D10平均病指与8月上旬平均气温及7月中旬～8月上旬降雨量有显著的多元线性回归关系。水稻纹枯病发生高峰期在7月中旬～8月中旬。[结论]水稻纹枯病是同质性病害,后期水稻纹枯病发生程度可以代表水稻纹枯病发生程度。用分类法建立的回归方程不仅能准确预测水稻纹枯病发生程度,而且推出水稻纹枯病属喜高温高湿的农田冠层小气侯性病害。因此,在节水灌溉降低发病部位抑病的基础上,培育健壮合理群体降湿抑病尤为重要。同时不可忽视前期预测挑治,中期普防。     

江苏南部丘陵地区紫花苜蓿引种及高产栽培技术研究

针对江苏南部丘陵地区的气候生态特征,开展了引进紫花苜蓿品种的适应性和相关栽培技术研究。结果表明：加拿大品种得龙,美国品种WL320、WL323、金皇后的产量和适应性都显著优于其他品种;丘陵岗坡地种植苜蓿,采用基施纯氮60．0kg／hm^2、硼砂7．5kg／hm^2、钼酸铵300．0g／hm^2、石灰4500．0～6000．0kg／hm^2,5％苜豆壮1200ml／hm^2＋苗期用除草剂5％精禾草克900ml／hm^2或秋播种植伴生作物可获得高产。     

南疆棉花连作对土壤酶活性的影响——以新疆生产建设兵团农一师10团为例

通过田间调查采样和室内分析测试的方法,对新疆南疆棉区不同连作年限的棉田土壤土壤酶活性特征进行了初步研究,结果表明:耕种后的棉田土壤的脲酶、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、脱氢酶及转化酶活性都远高于未耕种荒地,连作棉田耕层土壤脲酶和碱性磷酸酶活性随种植年限的增加而逐渐增强,转化酶和脱氢酶活性随种植年限的增长先增加后而降低,过氧化氢酶活性变化不大.土壤剖面自上而下土壤酶活性除过氧化氢酶活性变化不大外,其它4种酶活性都呈现随土壤深度的增加而降低趋势,且土壤酶活性0～40 cm层均显著高于40～60 cm.     

Short-term response of reptiles and amphibians to prescribed fire and mechanical fuel reduction in a southern Appalachian upland hardwood forest

We compared the effects of three fuel reduction techniques and a control on the relative abundance and richness of reptiles and amphibians using drift fence arrays with pitfall and funnel traps. Three replicate blocks were established at the Green River Game Land, Polk County, North Carolina. Each replicate block contained four experimental units that were each approximately 14 ha in size. Treatments were prescribed burn (B); mechanical understory reduction (M); mechanical + burn (MB); and controls (C). Mechanical treatments were conducted in winter 2001–2002, and prescribed burns in March 2003. Hot fires in MB killed about 25% of the trees, increasing canopy openness relative to controls. Leaf litter depth was reduced in B and MB after burning, but increased in M due to the addition of dead leaves during understory felling. The pre-treatment trapping period was short (15 August–10 October 2001) but established a baseline for post-treatment comparison. Post-treatment (2002–2004), traps were open nearly continuously May–September. We captured a total of 1308 species of 13 amphibians, and 335 reptiles of 13 species. The relative abundance of total salamanders, common salamander species, and total amphibians was not changed by the fuel reduction treatments. Total frogs and toads (anurans) and Bufo americanus were most abundant in B and MB; however, the proximity of breeding sites likely affected our results. Total reptile abundance and Sceloporus undulatus abundance were highest in MB after burning, but differed significantly only from B. Mean lizard abundance in MB was highest in 2004 and higher than in other treatments, but differences were not statistically significant. Our results indicate that a single application of the fuel reduction methods studied will not negatively affect amphibian or reptile abundance or diversity in southern Appalachian upland hardwood forest. Our study further suggests that high-intensity burning with heavy tree-kill, as in MB, can be used as a management tool to increase reptile abundance – particularly lizards – with no negative impact on amphibians, at least in the short-term.     

胶孢炭疽菌T-DNA插入突变体库的构建及其分子分析

利用根癌农杆菌介导的T-DNA插入遗传转化体系转化杞果炭疽菌SC2菌株,共获得抗潮霉素B突变体4 680个,平均每转化1.0×106个炭疽菌分生孢子可得到300～980个突变体,且潮霉素抗性在多次传代实验中得到稳定遗传.随机挑取38个突变体进行PCR检测,均可扩增出1条约1.2 kb的目标谱带,说明突变体为T-DNA插入引起:进一步的Southern blot杂交分析结果表明,在随机挑选的20个突变体中,有1个(5%)为三拷贝T-DNA插入,4个(20%)为双拷贝插入,剩余的15个(75%)为单拷贝插入.